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nitrogen$52779$ - vertaling naar grieks
.jpg?width=200 "2}} starting the formation of nitrous acid.")
![Schematic representation of the [[nitrogen cycle]]. Abiotic nitrogen fixation has been omitted.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nitrogen Cycle.svg?width=200 "Schematic representation of the [[nitrogen cycle]]. Abiotic nitrogen fixation has been omitted.")
![Sir [[Humphry Davy]]'s ''Researches chemical and philosophical: chiefly concerning nitrous oxide'' (1800), pages 556 and 557 (right), outlining potential anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide in relieving pain during surgery](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anaesthesia exhibition, 1946 Wellcome M0009908.jpg?width=200 "Sir [[Humphry Davy]]'s ''Researches chemical and philosophical: chiefly concerning nitrous oxide'' (1800), pages 556 and 557 (right), outlining potential anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide in relieving pain during surgery")
![Street sign indicating ban of nitrous oxide use near the Poelestraat in [[Groningen]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ban of Nitrous oxide use.jpg?width=200 "Street sign indicating ban of nitrous oxide use near the Poelestraat in [[Groningen]]")
![[[Aquatint]] depiction of a laughing gas party in the nineteenth century, by [[Thomas Rowlandson]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Doctor and Mrs Syntax, with a party of friends, experimentin Wellcome L0022227.jpg?width=200 "[[Aquatint]] depiction of a laughing gas party in the nineteenth century, by [[Thomas Rowlandson]]")
![O}} tanks used in [[dentistry]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/N2O Medical Tanks.jpg?width=200 "O}} tanks used in [[dentistry]]")
![parts-per-billion]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/N2O mm.png?width=200 "parts-per-billion]].")
![O}} [[whipped-cream charger]]s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/N2O whippets.jpg?width=200 "O}} [[whipped-cream charger]]s")
![Whippit]] remnants (the small steel canisters) of recreational drug use, the Netherlands, 2017](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nitrous oxide whippits used recreationally as a drug by Dutch youngsters near a school, Utrecht, 2017 - 1.jpg?width=200 "Whippit]] remnants (the small steel canisters) of recreational drug use, the Netherlands, 2017")
Definitie
Wikipedia
Nitrogen fixation or biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a chemical process by which molecular nitrogen (N
2), which has a strong triple covalent bond, is converted into ammonia (NH
3) or related nitrogenous compounds, typically in soil or aquatic systems but also in industry. The nitrogen in air is molecular dinitrogen, a relatively nonreactive molecule that is metabolically useless to all but a few microorganisms. Biological nitrogen fixation or diazotrophy is an important microbe-mediated process that converts dinitrogen (N2) gas to ammonia (NH3) using the nitrogenase protein complex (Nif).
Nitrogen fixation is essential to life because fixed inorganic nitrogen compounds are required for the biosynthesis of all nitrogen-containing organic compounds, such as amino acids and proteins, nucleoside triphosphates and nucleic acids. As part of the nitrogen cycle, it is essential for agriculture and the manufacture of fertilizer. It is also, indirectly, relevant to the manufacture of all nitrogen chemical compounds, which include some explosives, pharmaceuticals, and dyes.
Nitrogen fixation is carried out naturally in soil by microorganisms termed diazotrophs that include bacteria, such as Azotobacter, and archaea. Some nitrogen-fixing bacteria have symbiotic relationships with plant groups, especially legumes. Looser non-symbiotic relationships between diazotrophs and plants are often referred to as associative, as seen in nitrogen fixation on rice roots. Nitrogen fixation occurs between some termites and fungi. It occurs naturally in the air by means of NOx production by lightning.
All biological reactions involving the process of nitrogen fixation are catalyzed by enzymes called nitrogenases. These enzymes contain iron, often with a second metal, usually molybdenum but sometimes vanadium.
